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Branhamella catarrhalis keratitis.

D G Heidemann, E Alfonso, R K Forster

    American Journal of Ophthalmology
    |April 15, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Branhamella catarrhalis can cause keratitis, an eye infection, especially in patients with underlying health issues. Prompt antibiotic treatment is crucial to prevent severe complications like corneal perforation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Branhamella catarrhalis, previously Neisseria catarrhalis, shares structural similarities with Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
    • Despite similarities, B. catarrhalis is generally considered nonpathogenic.

    Observation:

    • A study reviewed 10 cases of B. catarrhalis keratitis.
    • All patients had predisposing ocular or systemic conditions.
    • Corneal infiltrates were typically central or paracentral.

    Findings:

    • B. catarrhalis keratitis responded well to cephalosporin and aminoglycoside antibiotics.
    • Two cases developed corneal perforations, likely due to delayed treatment.
    • Gram-negative diplococci in corneal scrapings do not always indicate N. gonorrhoeae.

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    Implications:

    • B. catarrhalis should be considered a potential cause of keratitis.
    • Early diagnosis and prompt antibiotic therapy are vital for favorable outcomes.
    • Distinguishing B. catarrhalis from N. gonorrhoeae based solely on Gram stain may be unreliable.