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Dynamic Monitoring of Seroconversion using a Multianalyte Immunobead Assay for Covid-19
Published on: February 16, 2022
Antibody response three months after SARS-CoV-2 infection
Efdal Oktay Gültekin1, Onur Gültekin2, Arzu Coskun1
1Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Toros Unıversity, Mersin, Turkey.
Insights
Antibody levels three months after COVID-19 infection were higher in older adults and those with comorbidities. Persistent symptoms included muscle pain, insomnia, and fatigue, indicating a need for further research on protective antibody thresholds.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic presented a significant global public health crisis.
- Understanding post-infection immunity and persistent symptoms is crucial for managing long-term health outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess antibody levels three months after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- To identify symptoms that persist for three months post-infection.
Main Methods:
- Serum samples were collected from 100 SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals at three months post-infection.
- Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels were measured using ELISA.
- Symptom prevalence was recorded at initial infection and at the three-month follow-up.
Main Results:
- Higher antibody levels were observed in individuals aged ≥55 years, nonsmokers, those with comorbidities, and hospitalized patients.
- Initial common symptoms included weakness, muscle/joint pain, loss of taste/smell, and cough.
- Persistent symptoms at three months included muscle/joint pain, insomnia, and fatigue.
Conclusions:
- Age, comorbidities, smoking status, and hospitalization influence antibody levels post-COVID-19.
- A significant portion of individuals experience persistent symptoms beyond three months.
- Further research is required to establish protective antibody thresholds against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection.
Abstract:
The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic became the greatest public health challenge globally. In our study, it was aimed to determine the antibody levels in the third month after the COVID-19 infection and the symptoms that continued until the third month from the onset of the infection. One hundred people who applied to Tarsus State Hospital with the suspicion of COVID-19 and were positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction were included. We collected serum samples from individuals, who were 3 months postinfection, and tested them in anti-SARS-CoV-2 Quanti-Vac ELISA IgG kit coated with recombinant S1 antigen for testing SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Antibody levels were found to be higher in those aged ≥55 years, nonsmokers, those with comorbidities, and those who were hospitalized. The four most common symptoms that individuals initially encounter; are weakness, muscle and joint pain, loss of taste and smell, and cough. In 3 months after COVID-19 infection, the most common four symptoms are; muscle and joint pain, insomnia, fatigue, and other problems were determined. In conclusion; more research is needed to determine threshold levels of serum antibodies that could prevent reinfection of SARS-CoV-2.
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