Antibody response three months after SARS-CoV-2 infection

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Infectious Diseases
• Public Health

Background:

• The COVID-19 pandemic presented a significant global public health crisis.
• Understanding post-infection immunity and persistent symptoms is crucial for managing long-term health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess antibody levels three months after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
• To identify symptoms that persist for three months post-infection.

Main Methods:

• Serum samples were collected from 100 SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals at three months post-infection.
• Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels were measured using ELISA.
• Symptom prevalence was recorded at initial infection and at the three-month follow-up.

Main Results:

• Higher antibody levels were observed in individuals aged ≥55 years, nonsmokers, those with comorbidities, and hospitalized patients.
• Initial common symptoms included weakness, muscle/joint pain, loss of taste/smell, and cough.
• Persistent symptoms at three months included muscle/joint pain, insomnia, and fatigue.

Conclusions:

• Age, comorbidities, smoking status, and hospitalization influence antibody levels post-COVID-19.
• A significant portion of individuals experience persistent symptoms beyond three months.
• Further research is required to establish protective antibody thresholds against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection.