Related Experiment Videos
Nanodrugs Detonate Lysosome Bombs
Yuting Xiang1, Niansheng Li1, Min Liu2,3
1Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Abstract:
Cancer cell lysosomes contain various hydrolases and non-degraded substrates that are corrosive enough to destroy cancer cells. However, many traditional small molecule drugs targeting lysosomes have strong side effects because they cannot effectively differentiate between normal and cancer cells. Most lysosome-based research has focused on inducing mild lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) to release anticancer drugs from lysosomal traps into the cancer cell cytoplasm. In fact, lysosomes are particularly powerful "bombs". Achieving cancer cell-selective LMP induction may yield high-efficiency anticancer effects and extremely low side effects. Nanodrugs have diverse and combinable properties and can be specifically designed to selectively induce LMP in cancer cells by taking advantage of the differences between cancer cells and normal cells. Although nanodrugs-induced LMP has made great progress recently, related reviews remain rare. Herein, we first comprehensively summarize the advances in nanodrugs-induced LMP. Next, we describe the different nanodrugs-induced LMP strategies, namely nanoparticles aggregation-induced LMP, chemodynamic therapy (CDT)-induced LMP, and magnetic field-induced LMP. Finally, we analyze the prospect of nanodrugs-induced LMP and the challenges to overcome. We believe this review provides a unique perspective and inspiration for designing lysosome-targeting drugs.
Insights
Nanodrugs can selectively trigger lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) in cancer cells, offering a powerful strategy for targeted cancer therapy with minimal side effects. This review explores nanodrugs-induced LMP approaches for enhanced anticancer drug delivery.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Nanotechnology
- Cancer Biology
Background:
- Lysosomes contain potent hydrolases and substrates capable of destroying cancer cells.
- Traditional small molecule drugs targeting lysosomes exhibit significant side effects due to lack of cell specificity.
- Current research often focuses on mild lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) for drug release, overlooking lysosomes' full destructive potential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review recent advances in nanodrugs-induced lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) for cancer therapy.
- To elucidate various nanodrug strategies for selectively inducing LMP in cancer cells.
- To analyze the future prospects and challenges of nanodrugs-induced LMP.
Main Methods:
- Summarizing recent literature on nanodrugs-induced LMP.
- Categorizing and describing different nanodrug-induced LMP strategies.
- Analyzing the potential and limitations of these therapeutic approaches.
Main Results:
- Nanodrugs offer diverse properties for designing targeted therapies.
- Selective cancer cell LMP induction by nanodrugs can lead to high efficacy and low toxicity.
- Key strategies include nanoparticle aggregation-induced LMP, chemodynamic therapy (CDT)-induced LMP, and magnetic field-induced LMP.
Conclusions:
- Nanodrugs-induced LMP represents a promising strategy for developing highly effective and specific cancer therapeutics.
- Overcoming challenges in nanodrug design and delivery is crucial for clinical translation.
- This review provides a unique perspective for designing novel lysosome-targeting anticancer drugs.