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The development of self in children is deeply rooted in social interactions, mainly through stages of play and structured games. These stages, outlined by sociologist George Herbert Mead, illustrate how children progressively learn to understand and adopt social roles, forming a cohesive sense of self.The Play Stage: Imitation and Simple Role-TakingIn the early years of childhood, the play stage is characterized by imitative behavior, where children engage in role-playing based on familiar...
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Related Experiment Video

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The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm
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Multi-Round Trust Game Quantifies Inter-Individual Differences in Social Exchange from Adolescence to Adulthood.

Andreas Hula1, Michael Moutoussis2, Geert-Jan Will3

  • 1Austrian Insitute of Technology, Vienna, Austria.

Computational Psychiatry (Cambridge, Mass.)
|June 3, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Cooperation and trust increase from adolescence to young adulthood. Cognitive factors like socio-economic risk aversion influence investment behavior, with males showing less risk aversion and females higher inequality aversion.

Keywords:
AdolescentAgeDevelopmentGender DifferenceI-POMDPIQ EffectsModel BasedRisk AversionSocio-Economic StatusTrust

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Economics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Cooperation is essential for socio-economic exchange, but carries inherent risks due to uncertainty of reciprocation.
  • Understanding how individuals navigate cooperation challenges across the lifespan is crucial for social and economic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate developmental changes in cooperation and trust from adolescence to young adulthood (ages 14-25).
  • To identify cognitive mechanisms underlying these changes, particularly socio-economic risk aversion and inequality aversion.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a cross-sectional sample of 784 individuals aged 14-25.
  • Employed a multi-round investor-trustee task to quantify social behavior.
  • Applied a validated model to phenotype individuals and characterize latent social characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in investment behavior were observed based on age, sex, socio-economic status, and IQ.
  • A trend towards increased trust from adolescence to young adulthood was confirmed.
  • Novel findings revealed that lower socio-economic risk aversion in males correlated with greater investments, while females exhibited higher inequality aversion, and socio-economic deprivation was linked to increased risk aversion.

Conclusions:

  • Developmental trajectories in trust and investment behavior are influenced by age, sex, socio-economic status, and cognitive factors.
  • Socio-economic risk aversion and inequality aversion play key roles in shaping cooperative decisions during young adulthood.
  • Understanding these factors is vital for comprehending socio-economic exchange dynamics across the lifespan.