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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 21, 2025

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Stretchable Self-Healing Plastic Polyurethane with Super-High Modulus by Local Phase-Lock Strategy.

Jianming Shao1,2, Xia Dong1,2, Dujin Wang1,2

  • 1Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications
|June 3, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel polyurethane-nickel (PU-Im-Ni) complex with tunable mechanical properties. These self-healing materials demonstrate potential for engineering plastics and protective cushioning.

Keywords:
high moduluslocal phase-lockmetal-ligand interactionsmultiblock polyurethaneself-healing

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Developing advanced polymers with tunable mechanical properties and self-healing capabilities is crucial for next-generation engineering applications.
  • Polyurethanes offer a versatile platform for material design, but enhancing their mechanical strength and introducing stimuli-responsive behavior remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a multiblock polyurethane (PU-Im) coordinating with Ni2+ ions to create PU-Im-Ni complexes.
  • To investigate how varying ligand content and metal-ligand stoichiometry influence the mechanical properties and self-healing behavior of the resulting complexes.
  • To explore the potential applications of these PU-Im-Ni complexes in self-healing engineering plastics and cushion protection.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of multiblock polyurethane with imidazole dangling groups (PU-Im).
  • Coordination of PU-Im with Ni2+ to form PU-Im-Ni complexes with controlled stoichiometry.
  • Characterization using Raman spectra, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
  • Mechanical testing to evaluate strength, toughness, modulus, and stretchability.
  • Assessment of self-healing properties in thermal and aqueous environments.

Main Results:

  • PU-Im-Ni complexes exhibit vastly different mechanical behaviors based on ligand content and Ni2+ stoichiometry, ranging from strong elastomers to high-modulus plastics.
  • The elastomer PU-2Im-Ni shows extraordinary mechanical strength (61 MPa) and toughness (420 MJ m-3).
  • The plastic PU-4Im-Ni displays super-high modulus (515 MPa), strength (63 MPa), and good stretchability (≈800%).
  • Metal-ligand interactions were confirmed, revealing a local phase-lock effect where Ni2+ coordinates with imidazole to lock polyurethane domains.
  • Stimuli-responsive self-healing ability was observed, with water acting as an effective and eco-friendly healing agent for the plastic variant.

Conclusions:

  • The developed PU-Im-Ni complexes demonstrate a unique phase-lock mechanism, enabling tunable mechanical properties and self-healing capabilities.
  • The combination of enhanced mechanical performance, stimuli-responsive self-healing, and damping properties makes these materials promising for advanced applications.
  • Water-based self-healing offers an environmentally friendly approach for repairing PU-Im-Ni plastics, broadening their practical utility.