Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 21, 2025
09:07
Prediction and Validation of Gene Regulatory Elements Activated During Retinoic Acid Induced Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation
Published on: June 21, 2016
8.3K
RGDX1 X2 motif regulates integrin αvβ5 binding for pluripotent stem cell adhesion
Yuji Yamada1, Toru Onda1, Ayami Hagiuda1
1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan.
Summary
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) adhesion requires specific RGDX1X2 sequences, not just RGD motifs. The X1X2 residues are crucial for binding to integrin αvβ5, influencing cell adhesion and potential applications.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
- Biomaterials Science
Background:
- The arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif is recognized for its role in cell adhesion by binding to integrins.
- While some RGD-containing peptides support embryonic stem cell and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) adhesion, their activity is not universal.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of sequences neighboring the RGD motif on iPSC adhesion.
- To identify specific RGD-neighboring sequences essential for iPSC binding to integrins.
Main Methods:
- Utilized diverse synthetic peptides and recombinant proteins to test iPSC adhesion.
- Analyzed the role of specific RGDX1X2 sequences in binding to integrin subtypes αvβ5 and αvβ3.
Main Results:
- iPSC adhesion is dependent on RGDX1X2 sequences, such as RGDVF and RGDNY.
- The X1X2 residues are critical for adhesion mediated by integrin αvβ5, but not αvβ3.
- iPSCs express integrin αvβ5, explaining their requirement for these specific RGDX1X2 sequences.
Conclusions:
- iPSC adhesion necessitates RGDX1X2 sequences, highlighting the importance of adjacent residues for integrin binding specificity.
- The findings provide crucial insights into integrin αvβ5 ligand recognition, with potential applications in drug development, delivery, cell culture, and tissue engineering.
Related Concept Videos
01:10Integrins
4.2K
Animal and protozoan cells do not have cell walls to help maintain shape and provide structural stability. Instead, these eukaryotic cells secrete a sticky mass of carbohydrates and proteins into the spaces between adjacent cells. This network of proteins and molecules is called an extracellular matrix or ECM.
Some ECM proteins assemble into a basement membrane to which the remaining components adhere. Proteoglycans typically form the bulk of the ECM while fibrous proteins, like collagen,...
Some ECM proteins assemble into a basement membrane to which the remaining components adhere. Proteoglycans typically form the bulk of the ECM while fibrous proteins, like collagen,...
4.2K
01:17Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions
2.8K
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Some...
2.8K
01:15Activation of Integrins
3.6K
Integrins bind ligands and transmit information from outside the cell to inside or vice-versa through an "outside-in signaling" or "inside-out signaling."
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding...
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding...
3.6K
01:13Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
24.5K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
24.5K
01:14Cell Adhesion in Plants
2.9K
Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
2.9K
01:20Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions
7.5K
Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily involved...
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily involved...
7.5K