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Satellite-based meteorological drought indicator to support food security in Java Island
Siswanto Siswanto1, Kartika Kusuma Wardani2,3, Babag Purbantoro4
1Center for Applied Climate Information and Services, Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics (BMKG), Jakarta, Indonesia.
Plos One
|June 3, 2022
Summary
Satellite data accurately predicts meteorological drought in Indonesia, crucial for food security. This advance warning helps mitigate impacts in rice-producing regions affected by El Niño and Indian Ocean Dipole variations.
Area of Science:
- Climatology
- Agricultural Meteorology
- Remote Sensing
Background:
- Meteorological drought, characterized by reduced rainfall, poses significant challenges to global food security.
- Accurate drought prediction is vital for proactive mitigation strategies, especially in regions with limited ground observation data.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a meteorological drought indicator using satellite precipitation data.
- To assess the applicability of this indicator for predicting drought in Java, Indonesia's key rice-producing region.
Main Methods:
- Application of the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) to multi-source satellite-based precipitation products.
- Validation of satellite-derived SPI against ground observation data for spatial and temporal accuracy.
- Analysis of the influence of El Niño and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) on drought characteristics.
Main Results:
- Satellite precipitation products accurately captured meteorological drought events in Java, Indonesia, both spatially and temporally.
- Drought severity in Java's rice-producing districts was linked to the intensity of simultaneous El Niño and positive-phase IOD events.
- Drought duration was primarily modulated by the positive-phase Indian Ocean Dipole.
Conclusions:
- Satellite-based precipitation monitoring offers a viable approach for predicting meteorological drought conditions several months in advance.
- This technology can significantly enhance preparedness and response strategies for drought impacts in data-scarce regions.
- Understanding the influence of climate patterns like El Niño and IOD is crucial for refining drought prediction models.
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