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Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
Published on: November 11, 2016
The circadian immune system
Chen Wang1, Lydia Kay Lutes1, Coline Barnoud1
1Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Abstract:
The immune system is highly time-of-day dependent. Pioneering studies in the 1960s were the first to identify immune responses to be under a circadian control. Only in the last decade, however, have the molecular factors governing circadian immune rhythms been identified. These studies have revealed a highly complex picture of the interconnectivity of rhythmicity within immune cells with that of their environment. Here, we provide a global overview of the circadian immune system, focusing on recent advances in the rapidly expanding field of circadian immunology.
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