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Related Concept Videos

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

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Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
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Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

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Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
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Understanding Sleep01:11

Understanding Sleep

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Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
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Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
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Narcolepsy01:07

Narcolepsy

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Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
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Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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Establishing a Device for Sleep Deprivation in Mice
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Sleep Deficiency: Epidemiology and Effects.

Amir Gohari1, Brett Baumann1, Rachel Jen2

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 317 - 2194 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.

Clinics in Chest Medicine
|June 6, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sleep deficiency is common and impacts physical and mental health, affecting various bodily systems. This review covers its widespread effects and who is most at risk.

Keywords:
ArthritisCardiovascular healthDiabetesEpidemiologyGastroesophageal reflux diseaseShift workSleep deficiencySleep disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Adequate sleep is crucial for overall physical and mental well-being.
  • Sleep deficiency, characterized by insufficient sleep duration or poor sleep quality, is a significant public health concern.
  • Modern societal factors contribute to the high prevalence of sleep deficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current epidemiology of sleep deficiency.
  • To summarize the multifaceted health effects of sleep deficiency.
  • To identify populations at increased risk for sleep deficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review.
  • Synthesis of epidemiological data on sleep deficiency.
  • Analysis of studies detailing the health consequences of sleep deficiency.

Main Results:

  • Sleep deficiency is prevalent across various populations.
  • Risk factors include occupation, social demands, and co-existing medical and psychiatric conditions.
  • Increased risk is observed in specific demographic groups based on ethnicity, age, sex, and hospitalization status.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep deficiency has broad-ranging negative impacts on cognition, mood, and physiological systems.
  • It affects chronic disease risk, including diabetes and cardiovascular health.
  • Understanding the epidemiology and effects is vital for public health interventions.