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Natural killer cell function in human lung is compartmentalized.

J C Weissler, L P Nicod, M F Lipscomb

    The American Review of Respiratory Disease
    |April 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Natural killer (NK) cells in the human lung are functional, contrary to previous beliefs. NK-active Leu 11+ lymphocytes are primarily in the lung interstitium, suggesting compartmentalized immune defense.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology
    • Pulmonary Medicine

    Background:

    • Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that eliminate neoplastic cells.
    • NK cells may play a role in human lung tumor defense.
    • Previous studies suggested pulmonary NK cells from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) are functionally inert.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the function and phenotype of NK cells in human lung tissue.
    • To compare NK cell activity in lung tissue versus peripheral blood.
    • To determine the location of NK cell subsets within the human lung.

    Main Methods:

    • Lymphocytes were purified from human lung tissue and peripheral blood.
    • NK cell activity was assessed by measuring target cell killing.

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  • Phenotyping of NK cells was performed using monoclonal antibodies (Leu 7 and Leu 11b).
  • Immunofluorescent staining localized NK cell subsets within lung tissue.

    • Main Results:

    • NK cell activity in minced whole lung specimens was comparable to peripheral blood.
    • Pulmonary NK activity was mediated by Leu 11b+ lymphocytes.
    • The lung contained significantly more Leu 7+ lymphocytes than Leu 11+ lymphocytes.
    • Leu 11+ lymphocytes were found in the lung interstitium, while Leu 7+ lymphocytes were in alveoli and airways.

    Conclusions:

    • Functional NK cell activity is present in the human lung.
    • Pulmonary NK cells are not inert, challenging previous findings.
    • NK cell function in the lung is compartmentalized, with active Leu 11+ cells in the interstitium.