XIAP as a multifaceted molecule in Cellular Signaling
Mina Hanifeh1, Farangis Ataei2
1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Trabiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Summary
X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) regulates cell death, inflammation, and proliferation. This review highlights XIAP's multifaceted roles in cellular signaling, including its impact on ROS production and copper homeostasis.
Area of Science:
- Cellular Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) is a key member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family.
- XIAP is known for its conserved inhibitory effect on caspase activity, regulating apoptosis.
- Decades of research have elucidated XIAP's involvement in diverse cellular pathways.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize key trends and roles of XIAP in cellular signaling.
- To provide basic knowledge on XIAP's functions beyond apoptosis.
- To focus on XIAP's regulation of ROS production and copper homeostasis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of experimental findings.
- Analysis of XIAP's involvement in various cellular processes.
- Examination of XIAP's response to cellular stressors.
Main Results:
- XIAP suppresses caspases and apoptosis, but also regulates inflammatory and mitogenic kinase signaling.
- XIAP influences cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, necroptosis, anoikis, autophagy, and neuronal differentiation.
- XIAP plays a role in regulating intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and copper homeostasis.
Conclusions:
- XIAP is a critical regulator of multiple cellular signaling pathways, extending beyond apoptosis.
- XIAP's roles in ROS production, copper homeostasis, DNA damage response, and ER stress are significant.
- Understanding XIAP's diverse functions is crucial for comprehending cellular fate and disease.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:19Interactions Between Signaling Pathways
6.6K
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
6.6K
01:30Assembly of Signaling Complexes
6.0K
Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
6.0K
01:32Types of Signaling Molecules
11.0K
In multicellular organisms, many molecules transmit signals between cells to pass information. These signals vary in complexity and include small peptides, nucleotides, steroids, fatty acid derivatives, and dissolved gases such as nitric oxide. Some signaling molecules diffuse through the plasma membrane to act locally between neighboring cells or travel long distances. Others remain attached to the cell surface, transmitting information to other cells only when they make contact. In some...
11.0K
01:24Intracellular Signaling Cascades
48.0K
Once a ligand binds to a receptor, the signal is transmitted through the membrane and into the cytoplasm. The continuation of a signal in this manner is called signal transduction. Signal transduction only occurs with cell-surface receptors, which cannot interact with most components of the cell, such as DNA. Only internal receptors can interact directly with DNA in the nucleus to initiate protein synthesis. When a ligand binds to its receptor, conformational changes occur that affect the...
48.0K
01:15Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers
7.3K
Many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic; they do not cross the cell membrane but bind to cell-surface receptors. Thus, their message must be relayed by second messengers present in the cell cytoplasm. There are several second messenger pathways, each with its own way of relaying information. For example, the G protein-coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol pathway is active when the receptor induces...
7.3K
01:22Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses
6.8K
The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and cellular responses. No two cell types express the same repertoire of signaling components. Receptors are highly selective for their cognate ligands, but once activated, they can alter multiple cellular processes such as DNA transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolic activity.
Graded and Abrupt Responses
Some signaling systems generate...
Graded and Abrupt Responses
Some signaling systems generate...
6.8K