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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

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Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
09:14

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Valence processing alterations in SAPAP3 knockout mice and human OCD.

Bridget L Kajs1, Peter J van Roessel2, Gwynne L Davis1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.

Journal of Psychiatric Research
|June 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may involve abnormal processing of positive and negative stimuli. This study found similar valence processing deficits in a mouse model and OCD patients, suggesting new therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
CompulsivityNegative valenceOCDPositive valenceSAPAP3 KO modelValence processing

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science
  • Translational Psychiatry

Background:

  • Abnormalities in processing aversive or appetitive stimuli (valence processing) may be underrecognized in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • Preclinical rodent models are crucial for understanding OCD pathophysiology, but few examine valence system alterations in compulsive behavior models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess valence processing in the SAPAP3 knockout (KO) mouse model of compulsive behavior.
  • To compare preclinical findings in SAPAP3 KO mice with behavioral phenomena in human OCD patients.
  • To investigate potential therapeutic targets for valence processing alterations in OCD.

Main Methods:

  • SAPAP3 KO mice underwent auditory fear conditioning/extinction (negative valence) and operant conditioning (positive valence).
  • OCD patients completed behavioral tests assessing explicit and implicit processing of fear (negative) and happy (positive) facial expressions.
  • Preclinical and clinical data were analyzed to identify congruent valence processing abnormalities.

Main Results:

  • SAPAP3 KO mice exhibited heightened negative valence processing (enhanced fear learning, impaired extinction) and impaired positive valence processing (deficits in reward acquisition, goal-directed behavior).
  • OCD patients showed similar trends towards enhanced negative and impaired positive valence processing.
  • Valence processing abnormalities were observed in both the mouse model and human patients.

Conclusions:

  • The SAPAP3 KO mouse model displays valence processing abnormalities mirroring those in OCD patients.
  • These findings highlight the role of valence processing in OCD pathophysiology.
  • Valence processing alterations represent a promising area for novel therapeutic development in OCD.