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Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...

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Structural retinal changes in cerebral small vessel disease.

S Magdalena Langner¹, Jan H Terheyden¹, Clara F Geerling¹

¹Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Ernst-Abbe-Str. 2, 53127, Bonn, Germany.

Scientific Reports

|June 6, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is linked to retinal layer changes. High-resolution OCT revealed reduced ganglion cell layer volume and associations between other retinal layers and white matter lesion burden.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Neurology
Medical Imaging

Background:

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) significantly contributes to cognitive decline and stroke.
Previous studies indicated links between CSVD and alterations in specific retinal layers.
Comprehensive assessment of all individual retinal layers in CSVD using OCT was lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate changes across all individual retinal layers in patients with CSVD using high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT).
To correlate retinal layer alterations with white matter lesion (WML) burden determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Main Methods:

A case-control study involving 27 CSVD patients and 9 controls who underwent macular and peripapillary retinal imaging via OCT.
White matter lesion (WML) number and volume ratio index (WMRI) were quantified from MRI scans.
Multiple linear regression models were employed to analyze the data, controlling for age.

Main Results:

A significant reduction in ganglion cell layer (GCL) volume was observed in CSVD patients compared to controls (p=0.008).
In CSVD patients, increased foveal outer plexiform layer (OPL) volume and decreased temporal peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness correlated with higher WMRI (p≤0.033).
Decreased foveal GCL volume, temporal-inferior RNFL thickness, and increased temporal macular ring width (MRW) were associated with higher WML burden (p≤0.037).

Conclusions:

This study identified significant alterations in multiple retinal OCT layers (GCL, OPL, MRW, RNFL) in individuals with CSVD.
These retinal layer changes demonstrate a correlation with the white matter lesion burden.
The potential diagnostic value of these OCT-based biomarkers for CSVD warrants further investigation.