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Updated: Sep 20, 2025
Methods to Quantify Pharmacologically Induced Alterations in Motor Function in Human Incomplete SCI
Published on: April 18, 2011
Predicting motor function recovery in cervical spinal cord injury-induced complete paralysis with reflex response
Hironari Kaneyama1,2, Osamu Kawano3, Yuichiro Morishita3
1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukuoka Sanno Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan. kaneyamahironari@gmail.com.
Study Design:
A retrospective clinical study.
Objective:
To elucidate the usefulness of the patellar tendon reflex (PTR), bulbocavernosus reflex (BCR), and plantar response (PR) as factors in the prognostic prediction of motor function in complete paralysis due to cervical spinal cord injuries (CSCIs) at the acute phase.
Setting:
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spinal Injuries Center, Japan.
Methods:
99 patients assessed as the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) grade A (AIS A) were included in this study. The PTR, BCR, and PR were evaluated respectively as positive or negative at the time of injury. We classified the patients into two groups based on their neurological recovery at 3 months after injury: "recovered" group was defined as AIS C, D, or E; "non-recovered" group was defined as AIS A or B.
Results:
Eight patients demonstrated positive PTR, while 91 demonstrated negative. Three out of eight patients with positive PTR (37.5%) were R group, while 83 out of 91 patients with negative PTR (91.2%) were N group. A significant difference was observed (p = 0.043). For BCR, no significant difference was observed (p > 0.05). Twenty-six patients demonstrated positive PTR, while 73 demonstrated negative. Nine out of twenty-six patients with positive PR (34.6%) were R group, while 71 out of 73 patients with negative PR (97.3%) were N group. A significant difference was observed (p = 0.000068).
Conclusion:
The PTR and PR are useful for poor prognostic prediction of motor function in CSCI at the acute phase.
