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Management of sleep disorders among children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders: A practical guide for

Michael O Ogundele1, Chinnaiah Yemula2

  • 1Department of Community Paediatrics, Bridgewater Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Halton District, Runcorn WA7 1TW, United Kingdom. m.ogundele@nhs.net.

World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics
|June 6, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Children with neurodevelopmental, emotional, behavioral, and intellectual disorders (NDEBID) frequently experience sleep problems, which can worsen cognitive and behavioral issues. Management strategies include behavioral interventions and pharmacotherapy.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neuroscience
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Sleep disorders are prevalent in children with neurodevelopmental, emotional, behavioral, and intellectual disorders (NDEBID), affecting up to 75% of this population.
  • Compared to the general population (3-36%), sleep disorder prevalence is higher in adolescents with learning disabilities (26-44%).
  • Chronic sleep deprivation in children with NDEBID is linked to behavioral problems, impaired cognitive development, mood disorders, and physical health risks like obesity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on sleep disorders in children with NDEBID.
  • To provide an overview of sleep physiology, etiology, classification, and prevalence.
  • To outline management strategies and practical care pathways.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a narrative review of existing literature.
  • It synthesizes information on sleep disorders in children with NDEBID.
  • A flowchart is presented for practical management, including assessment, investigations, and follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Children with NDEBID have a significantly higher prevalence of sleep disorders compared to typically developing children.
  • Sleep disorders in this population are associated with adverse outcomes in cognitive, behavioral, and physical health.
  • Management approaches include psychoeducation, cognitive-behavioral strategies, and pharmacotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep disorders are a significant concern for children with NDEBID, impacting their development and well-being.
  • Effective management requires a comprehensive approach, including behavioral interventions and potentially pharmacotherapy.
  • A structured care plan is essential for addressing sleep issues in this vulnerable group.

Keywords:
AdolescentsBehavioural difficultiesCognitive therapyEmotionalMelatoninNeurodevelopmental disordersNon-pharmacologic interventionsPharmacotherapyPsychoeducationSleep

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