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Severe asthma treatment patterns: A multicenter observational study in the Gulf region
Mona Al-Ahmad1,2, Hassan Mobayed3, Nasser Al Busaidi4
1Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
The World Allergy Organization Journal
|June 6, 2022
Summary
Despite common inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2 agonist use, most severe asthma patients in the Gulf region have uncontrolled disease and elevated blood eosinophil counts (BECs). Enhanced treatment strategies are needed for better asthma control and quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Clinical Medicine
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Limited data exists on severe asthma management in Gulf nations.
- This study addresses treatment practices and control levels in severe asthma patients across the Gulf region.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe severe asthma treatment patterns in adolescents and adults in four Gulf countries.
- To evaluate asthma control, quality of life, exacerbation frequency, and biomarker application.
Main Methods:
- Observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study in Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, and UAE.
- Included patients >12 years with severe asthma (GINA 2018 definition).
- Extracted data on demographics, treatments, and biomarkers (BEC, IgE, FeNO); assessed control (ACQ) and QoL (AQLQ(S)).
Main Results:
- 243 patients analyzed; 71.2% had uncontrolled asthma (mean ACQ 2.1).
- 84.8% experienced ≥1 exacerbation; QoL was "somewhat limited" (mean AQLQ(S) 4.7).
- Most patients received ICS/LABA (98.8%); elevated BECs were common, suggesting eosinophilic phenotype, but inconsistently measured.
Conclusions:
- Most severe asthma patients in the Gulf region remain uncontrolled despite ICS/LABA therapy.
- Elevated BECs indicate a prevalent eosinophilic phenotype.
- Improved treatment strategies are crucial to enhance asthma control and patient outcomes.
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