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Mapping of Structure-Function Age-Related Connectivity Changes on Cognition Using Multimodal MRI.

Daiana Roxana Pur1, Maria Giulia Preti2,3,4, Anik de Ribaupierre5

  • 1Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
|June 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Healthy cognitive aging involves distinct brain structural and functional connectivity patterns. Changes in these networks, particularly in specific cortical regions, are behaviorally relevant and offer unique insights into cognitive variability in older adults.

Keywords:
fMRIfunctional connectivityhealthy agingneuroimagingstructural connectivitystructure-function couplingvariability

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • The relationship between age-related brain connectivity changes and cognitive function remains unclear.
  • It is unknown if cognitive processes rely on similar or distinct structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC) patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how changes in SC and FC correlate with cognitive changes in older adults.
  • To determine if SC and FC map cognition using similar or distinct distributed connectivity patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal, within-subject, multimodal approach combining diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) and functional MRI (fMRI).
  • Analysis of SC and FC measures from scans acquired at two time points.
  • Correlation of changes in SC and FC with 13 cognitive measures using Partial Least Squares Correlation (PLSC).

Main Results:

  • Numerous structural and functional cortical connections, including cingulo-opercular and dorsolateral prefrontal networks, contributed to brain-behavior relationships.
  • Whole-brain SC and FC captured distinct and independent connections related to cognitive measures.
  • Age-related changes in both SC and FC were behaviorally relevant.

Conclusions:

  • Heterogeneity in distributed SC and FC patterns provides unique information about cognitive aging variability.
  • The study offers a comprehensive, integrated examination of age-related brain function-structure associations.
  • Results highlight the behavioral relevance of age-related changes in brain connectivity.