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Multi-morbidity and patient-reported functional limitations: a population-based cohort study.

Alanna M Chamberlain1,2,3, Jennifer L St Sauver1,2, Cynthia M Boyd4

  • 1Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Journal of Multimorbidity and Comorbidity
|June 6, 2022
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Summary

Accumulating multiple chronic conditions accelerates aging and significantly increases the risk of developing functional limitations, particularly in younger adults. Early health assessment and multi-morbidity management are crucial for all age groups.

Keywords:
Multi-morbidityactivities of daily livingchronic conditionsdisabilityfunctional limitationspatient reported outcomes

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Accumulating multiple chronic conditions can lead to accelerated aging and adverse health outcomes, including functional limitations.
  • Individuals experiencing a faster rate of chronic condition accumulation face higher risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the accumulation of chronic conditions and the development of new-onset functional limitations.
  • To analyze these associations across different adult age groups.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 39,624 adults aged 40 years and older was studied.
  • Chronic condition prevalence and functional limitations were assessed, with Cox regression modeling used to analyze associations.
  • Analyses were stratified by age group and adjusted for various demographic factors.

Main Results:

  • Higher quartiles of chronic conditions were associated with increased hazard ratios for functional limitations across all age groups.
  • The risk of functional limitations was substantially elevated in the youngest age group (40-54 years) and the oldest (≥75 years).
  • Common limitations included difficulty with stair climbing, walking, and housekeeping.

Conclusions:

  • Increased accumulation of chronic conditions is linked to a higher risk of developing functional limitations.
  • These findings highlight the importance of proactive health assessment and multi-morbidity management interventions across the lifespan.