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Related Concept Videos

Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

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The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
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Cells of the Epidermis01:24

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The epidermis is made of four or five layers of epithelial cells, depending on its location in the body. From deep to superficial, these layers are the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
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Reticular Dermis01:15

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The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
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Characterization of In Vitro Differentiation of Human Primary Keratinocytes by RNA-Seq Analysis
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Abnormal keratin expression pattern in prurigo nodularis epidermis.

L L Yang1,2, B Jiang1, S H Chen1

  • 1Department of Dermatology Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen Guangdong China.

Skin Health and Disease
|June 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Abnormal keratin expression in prurigo nodularis (PN) contributes to skin thickening and hyperkeratosis. This study clarifies keratin patterns in PN lesions, revealing altered differentiation pathways in keratinocytes.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic, intensely itchy skin condition characterized by hyperkeratotic papules and nodules.
  • The exact cause of PN remains unclear, hindering effective treatment development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of keratins in epidermal hyperproliferation in PN.
  • To determine the keratin expression patterns in lesional skin of PN patients.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical staining was used to analyze keratin expression.
  • Compared keratin patterns in lesional skin from 24 PN patients and 9 healthy controls.
  • Examined expression of K1/K10, K5/K14, and K6/K16/K17.

Main Results:

  • Upregulation of K5/K14 in the basal and suprabasal layers of PN epidermis.
  • K6 was found throughout the epidermis, particularly in spinous layers, indicating hyperproliferation.
  • Altered expression of K16, K17, and terminal differentiation keratins K1/K10 was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Keratinocyte hyperproliferation in PN is associated with an alternative differentiation pathway.
  • Abnormal keratin expression likely drives keratinocyte proliferation, leading to epidermal thickening and hyperkeratosis.
  • Altered keratin patterns may contribute to the compromised skin barrier in PN.