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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

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Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
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Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
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Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

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Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
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Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

53
Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography
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Right Ventricular Dysfunction Predicts Outcome in Acute Heart Failure.

Max Berrill1,2, Eshan Ashcroft1, David Fluck1,2,3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, St. Peter's Hospital, Surrey, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|June 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, assessed via echocardiography, predicts long-term mortality in acute heart failure (AHF). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) did not predict outcomes in this AHF cohort.

Keywords:
RV dysfunctionRV failureacute heart failureejection fractionstrainstrain rate

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Heart Failure

Background:

  • Assessing cardiac function in acute heart failure (AHF) is crucial for predicting patient outcomes.
  • Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is a standard measure but has limitations, particularly in patients without reduced left ventricular systolic function.
  • Non-invasive echocardiographic parameters for both left and right ventricles require further evaluation for prognostic value in AHF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate standard and advanced echocardiographic parameters of left and right ventricular (RV) systolic function in predicting 2-year mortality in patients with AHF.
  • To compare the prognostic value of RV parameters versus LVEF in this AHF population.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective recruitment of 418 AHF patients within 24 hours of presentation.
  • Retrospective assessment of 8 RV and 5 LV echocardiographic parameters of systolic function.
  • Utilized guideline-directed and study-specific cutoffs derived from ROC analysis to predict 2-year mortality.

Main Results:

  • Seven out of eight RV systolic function parameters were predictive of 2-year mortality.
  • Specific RV parameters like mean RV GLSR (< -1.8 s⁻¹) and TAPSE:SPAP ratio (> 0.027 cm/mmHg) were associated with worse outcomes.
  • LVEF, categorized by European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines, did not predict 2-year mortality (p=0.10).
  • Only mitral regurgitant ΔP/Δt (MR dP/dt) < 570 mmHg among LV parameters predicted adverse outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Right ventricular dysfunction, identified through echocardiography, is significantly associated with adverse prognosis in AHF patients.
  • Standard LVEF assessment was not prognostic in this cohort, highlighting the importance of RV evaluation.
  • Advanced echocardiographic parameters, particularly for RV function, offer valuable prognostic information in AHF.