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Related Concept Videos

Protein Organization01:24

Protein Organization

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Proteins are polymers of amino acid residues. They are versatile and responsible for different cellular functions, including DNA replication, molecular transport, catalysis, and structural support. Proteins have a hierarchical structure comprising at least three levels of organization: primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. Some large proteins have a quaternary structure where individual protein subunits are linked together.
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The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.
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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
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Protein and Protein Structure02:15

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Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective. They may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly. They are all, however, amino acid polymers arranged in a linear sequence.
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RNA Structure Prediction, Analysis, and Design: An Introduction to Web-Based Tools.

Raphael Angelo I Zambrano1, Carmen Hernandez-Perez1, Melissa K Takahashi2

  • 1Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|June 6, 2022
PubMed
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Researchers can now leverage advanced web-based tools for predicting RNA secondary structure and RNA-RNA hybridization. These computational methods aid in understanding RNA

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Noncoding RNARNA design toolsRNA secondary structure prediction

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Area of Science:

  • Computational Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • RNA structure is crucial for understanding biological processes.
  • Computational algorithms using thermodynamics predict RNA secondary structure.
  • Intermolecular RNA interactions necessitate RNA-RNA hybridization prediction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and highlight web-based tools for RNA structure analysis.
  • To guide researchers in selecting appropriate tools for RNA secondary structure prediction, RNA-RNA hybridization, and RNA design.
  • To elucidate the features and purposes of various web servers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of popular web servers and their functionalities.
  • Analysis of computational algorithms utilizing thermodynamics for RNA structure prediction.
  • Discussion of tools for predicting RNA-RNA hybridization and RNA design.

Main Results:

  • Identification of key features distinguishing different web-based RNA analysis tools.
  • Categorization of tools based on their specific applications (prediction, hybridization, design).
  • Overview of available resources for researchers investigating RNA structure and function.

Conclusions:

  • Web-based tools offer valuable resources for RNA structure and function studies.
  • Understanding the distinct features of these tools enhances their effective utilization.
  • Researchers can benefit from these computational resources in their investigations.