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Masticatory dysfunction in patients with diabetic neuropathy: A cross-sectional study.
Yuta Hamamoto1, Kazuhisa Ouhara1, Tsuyoshi Miyagawa2
1Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Plos One
|June 6, 2022
Summary
Diabetic neuropathy significantly reduces chewing ability in type 2 diabetes patients. Addressing masticatory dysfunction with dental and nutritional support is crucial for managing diabetes and preventing complications.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Diabetic Medicine
- Oral Health
Background:
- Effective chewing is vital for diabetes management and blood glucose control.
- Long-term hyperglycemia in diabetes can lead to microvascular complications, a major cause of morbidity and mortality.
- Masticatory dysfunction may be linked to diabetic microvascular complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between masticatory disorders and diabetic microvascular complications.
- To determine if masticatory efficiency is affected by conditions associated with type 2 diabetes.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study of 172 type 2 diabetes patients.
- Quantitative assessment of masticatory efficiency using the GLUCO SENSOR GS-Ⅱ.
- Multivariable linear regression models to identify factors related to masticatory efficiency.
Main Results:
- Masticatory efficiency was significantly correlated with diabetes duration, remaining teeth, moving teeth, and diabetic neuropathy in bivariable analysis.
- Remaining teeth and diabetic neuropathy remained significant predictors of masticatory efficiency in multivariable analysis.
- Patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic neuropathy showed significantly reduced masticatory efficiency.
Conclusions:
- This study is the first to demonstrate a link between diabetic neuropathy and reduced masticatory efficiency in type 2 diabetes patients.
- Effective mastication is crucial for successful diabetes diet therapy.
- Integrated dental and nutritional interventions addressing masticatory dysfunction are recommended for patients with diabetic neuropathy to prevent complication progression.
