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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Tumor Progression02:07

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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
Although people have known about cancer for centuries, it was only in 1761 that Giovanni Morgagni of Padua performed a detailed autopsy of...
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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Detection and Monitoring of Tumor Associated Circulating DNA in Patient Biofluids
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Molecular markers in cancer.

Ejaj Ahmad1, Asgar Ali1, Nimisha1

  • 1Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant, Postgraduate Institute of Medical, Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi 110002, India.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|June 6, 2022
PubMed
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This review updates on novel cancer detection methods, including advanced imaging and liquid biopsy. These approaches aim to improve early diagnosis and treatment by identifying new biomarkers.

Keywords:
BiomarkersCTCsCancerDiagnosisPrognosiscfDNA

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Cancer presents a significant global health and economic challenge, with increasing incidence.
  • Current early detection methods are limited, necessitating innovative diagnostic tools.
  • An aging population contributes to the rising cancer burden worldwide.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in non-traditional cancer detection and diagnosis.
  • To explore the clinical utility of novel imaging modalities and liquid biopsy techniques.
  • To highlight the potential of newly identified biomacromolecules and biomarkers in oncology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on cancer biomarkers and imaging.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on liquid biopsy and novel diagnostic approaches.
  • Synthesis of findings on the clinical application of identified biomarkers.

Main Results:

  • Emerging imaging techniques offer new possibilities for visualizing cancer.
  • Liquid biopsy shows promise for non-invasive cancer detection and monitoring.
  • Numerous biomacromolecules and biomarkers are under investigation for diagnostic and prognostic value.

Conclusions:

  • Novel imaging and liquid biopsy represent promising avenues for improving cancer diagnostics.
  • Further research is needed to translate these findings into routine clinical practice.
  • Biomarker discovery remains crucial for advancing cancer care and patient outcomes.