The association between different predictive biomarkers and mortality of COVID-19

Immunocompromised individuals are expected to be more prone to severe diseases and, subsequently, death. Genetic disorders and polymorphisms in genes involved in the immune system, such as human leukocyte antigen (HLA), inflammatory cytokines, and killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors, can be involved in the immune system's response to various pathogens. In the current survey, the data were received from the world health organization, collected around the world.

Spearman's coefficient correlation test for evaluating the relationship between the Daily Death Rates (DDR) and immunological variables showed a statistically significant correlation between the DDR and all immunological variables except TNFa857T, TNFa863A IL2330G, and IL2166T (P < 0.001). Also, there was a statistically significant correlation between the DDR and some HLA markers.

This meta-analysis study shows that predictive biomarkers and mortality of COVID-19 are associated with HLA markers. However, these results should be confirmed in a more structured agreement. It is worth noting that the design of new studies should consider potential diseases with poor prognoses because they are related to these immune genetic markers.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s42269-022-00844-7.