Present status and future directions: Surgical endodontics.

Area of Science:

• Endodontics
• Dental Surgery
• Microsurgery

Background:

• Endodontic surgery treats teeth with failed root canal treatments.
• Traditional methods include apicoectomy, root resection, and perforation repair.
• Endodontic microsurgery represents an advancement over traditional techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current state of root-end surgery.
• Compare endodontic microsurgery techniques and materials with older methods.
• Discuss recent clinical protocol additions and technical improvements.

Main Methods:

• Review of endodontic microsurgery techniques.
• Comparison with traditional apicoectomy methods.
• Inclusion of modern technologies like dental operating microscopes, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and piezoelectric devices.

Main Results:

• Endodontic microsurgery incorporates high magnification, ultrasonic preparation, and biocompatible filling materials.
• Modern techniques utilize CBCT for diagnosis and piezoelectric approaches for osteotomy.
• These advancements improve predictability and minimize invasiveness in root-end surgery.

Conclusions:

• Nonsurgical retreatment is the primary option for endodontic failure.
• Modern endodontic microsurgery is a predictable and minimally invasive alternative.
• It offers a viable option for natural tooth retention.