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Related Concept Videos

Plasticizers01:31

Plasticizers

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Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
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Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
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Superplasticizers01:30

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Superplasticizers are advanced admixtures that enhance the workability of concrete by lowering the water content without compromising the strength of the material. These substances are highly effective water reducers, improving concrete flow, making it easier to work with, and enabling concrete to reach inaccessible areas or densely reinforced sections without mechanical vibration. The key components in superplasticizers are either sulfonated melamine or naphthalene formaldehyde condensates,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Protocol for Microplastics Sampling on the Sea Surface and Sample Analysis
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Microplastics and their Additives in the Indoor Environment.

Tunga Salthammer1

  • 1Department of Material Analysis and Indoor Chemistry, Fraunhofer WKI, Bienroder Weg 54 E, 38108, Braunschweig, Germany.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|June 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Indoor microplastic pollution is a growing hygienic concern, originating from household products, artificial turf, and textiles. Further research is needed to understand the extent of microplastic and nanoplastic emissions from 3D printing and their impact on human health.

Keywords:
3D printingartificial turffiber fallouthouse dustmicro/nanoplastics

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Public Health
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Indoor environments are increasingly recognized as significant reservoirs for microplastic contamination.
  • Sources of indoor microplastics include abrasion, household product additives, artificial turf, equestrian litter, and textiles.
  • The potential contribution of 3D printing particulate emissions to microplastic and nanoplastic pollution requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current exposure levels of residents to indoor microplastics.
  • To identify trends in indoor microplastic contamination.
  • To propose preventive measures and highlight the need for increased consideration of microplastics in environmental surveys.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on indoor microplastic sources and exposure.
  • Analysis of data on microplastic presence in air and house dust.
  • Identification of emerging sources like 3D printing and textiles.

Main Results:

  • Indoor microplastic pollution presents a fundamental hygienic challenge.
  • Microplastics are ubiquitous in indoor environments, originating from diverse sources.
  • Emerging technologies like 3D printing and common materials like textiles are potential contributors.

Conclusions:

  • Microplastic and nanoplastic emissions from 3D printing warrant classification and further study.
  • Textiles are a significant, yet often overlooked, source of indoor microplastics.
  • Future indoor environmental surveys must incorporate microplastics and their additives to accurately assess exposure and risks.