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Nurses assessment of development hip dysplasia: A scoping review
Larissa Smart1,2, Lemuel Pelentsov2, Jessie Childs2
1School of Nursing, University of Tasmania, Burnie, TAS, Australia.
Insights
Nurses in Australia screen infants for developmental hip dysplasia using physical assessments. This review identified 18 physical assessments but highlights the need for research on their effectiveness in early detection.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Orthopedics
- Nursing Practice
- Public Health Screening
Background:
- Developmental hip dysplasia (DDH) is a hip joint abnormality leading to instability or dislocation.
- Infant hip screening is crucial for early detection and management of DDH.
- In Australia, nurses commonly perform physical assessments for infant hip screening.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the physical assessments utilized by nurses for screening and surveillance of DDH.
- To identify the range of physical examination techniques employed in infant hip screening.
Main Methods:
- A scoping review of the literature was conducted.
- Searched for evidence on physical assessments used in DDH screening by nurses.
- Included original research, expert opinions, and practice guidelines.
Main Results:
- Fifteen sources of evidence were identified.
- A total of 18 distinct physical assessments were found to be used by nurses.
- The evidence base included 6 original research articles, 2 expert opinions, and 7 practice guidelines.
Conclusions:
- Nurses employ a variety of physical assessments for DDH screening.
- High-quality research is needed to evaluate the timing, specificity, and sensitivity of these assessments.
- Further investigation is required to optimize the effectiveness of DDH screening protocols.
Abstract:
Developmental hip dysplasia is an abnormality of the hip joint which is associated with an unstable or dislocatable hip. During infancy, hips should be screened to determine whether they are stable, unstable or dislocated. In Australia, this screening is often performed by nurses using physical assessment. Physical examination includes a number of assessments which seek to identify underlying abnormalities in hip joint anatomy and function. This scoping review outlines the physical assessments used by nurses in the screening and surveillance of developmental hip dysplasia. A review of the literature identified 15 (N = 15; 100%) sources of evidence, which included original research articles (n = 6; 40%), expert opinion pieces (n = 2; 13.3%) and practice guidelines (n = 7; 46.7%). There were 18 physical assessments identified as being used by nurses in the screening process for developmental hip dysplasia. However, it is apparent that high quality research is required to examine the timing, specificity and sensitivity of the physical assessments identified.
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