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Related Concept Videos

Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

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During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
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Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids01:15

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Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

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Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

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Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
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The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
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Individualized multidisciplinary analgesia to prevent persistent postsurgical pain.

Anne Lukas1,2,3, Wolfgang Buhre1,2

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Persistent postsurgical pain (PPSP) significantly impacts patients and healthcare systems. Identifying pre-surgery risk factors is crucial for developing targeted preventive strategies to manage this growing concern.

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Area of Science:

  • Pain Medicine
  • Surgical Outcomes
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Persistent postsurgical pain (PPSP) is a growing concern due to its association with disability, long-term analgesic use, and reduced quality of life.
  • The socio-economic burden of PPSP is substantial and increasing globally with the rise in surgical procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on risk factors for PPSP.
  • To inform future perioperative practices for PPSP prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies identifying risk factors for PPSP.
  • Analysis of patient populations and predictive factors.

Main Results:

  • Studies have identified various risk factors associated with PPSP.
  • A significant finding is that many predictive factors for PPSP appear unrelated to the surgical procedure itself.

Conclusions:

  • Future perioperative care must prioritize identifying at-risk patients before surgery.
  • Development and implementation of individualized preventive interventions are essential for managing PPSP.