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Multi-layer pseudo-supervision for histopathology tissue semantic segmentation using patch-level classification

Chu Han1, Jiatai Lin2, Jinhai Mai3

  • 1Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.

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|June 7, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel method for tissue semantic segmentation using only patch-level labels, significantly reducing annotation time and effort in computational pathology. The approach achieves results comparable to fully-supervised methods with minimal performance loss.

Keywords:
Computational pathologyPseudo mask generationTissue segmentationWeakly-supervised learning

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Area of Science:

  • Computational pathology
  • Digital pathology
  • Medical image analysis

Background:

  • Tissue-level semantic segmentation is crucial for computational pathology.
  • Fully-supervised models require expensive, time-consuming pixel-level annotations on whole slide images.
  • Reducing annotation effort is essential for broader adoption of computational pathology tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a tissue semantic segmentation method using only patch-level classification labels.
  • To decrease annotation efforts in histopathology image analysis.
  • To introduce a new weakly-supervised semantic segmentation dataset for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD-HistoSeg).

Main Methods:

  • A two-step model comprising classification and segmentation phases.
  • Utilizing a Class Activation Mapping (CAM)-based model for pseudo-mask generation from patch-level labels.
  • Implementing Multi-Layer Pseudo-Supervision for tissue semantic segmentation.

Main Results:

  • The proposed model outperforms five state-of-the-art weakly-supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) approaches.
  • Achieved comparable quantitative and qualitative results to fully-supervised models, with only a ~2% gap in MIoU and FwIoU.
  • Patch-level labeling reduced annotation time from hours to minutes compared to manual labeling.

Conclusions:

  • Patch-level labels are sufficient for achieving high-performance tissue semantic segmentation.
  • The proposed WSSS method significantly reduces annotation burden in computational pathology.
  • The developed model and dataset facilitate advancements in automated histopathology analysis.