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In-Hospital Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases in Brazil during the First Year of The COVID-19 Pandemic

Anderson da Costa Armstrong1, Lucas Gomes Santos2, Thiago Cavalcanti Leal2

  • 1Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE - Brasil.

Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia
|June 8, 2022
PubMed

Insights

The COVID-19 pandemic impacted cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in Brazil. While overall CVD deaths decreased slightly in 2020, Brazil experienced a 13.3% excess in-hospital mortality, with regional variations.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly influenced global mortality patterns, particularly for cardiovascular diseases (CVD).
  • Brazil's vast size and healthcare disparities necessitate localized analysis of health impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess in-hospital mortality trends for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) within Brazil's public health system.
  • To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic's first year (2020) on CVD mortality across Brazil.

Main Methods:

  • Ecological study design utilizing national hospital data from Brazil's Ministry of Health.
  • Analysis of absolute in-hospital deaths and mortality rates at national, regional, and state levels.
  • Application of the P-score, adjusted by joinpoint regression, to quantify excess mortality compared to expected values.

Main Results:

  • Brazil recorded 93,104 in-hospital CVD deaths in 2020, a figure 1.58% lower than expected, but with a 13.3% excess mortality nationwide.
  • The Central-West region experienced a 15.1% increase in CVD deaths, and ten states reported higher-than-expected mortality.
  • All macro-regions exhibited excess in-hospital mortality, indicating widespread pandemic-related disruption.

Conclusions:

  • Brazil observed a paradoxical trend of decreased absolute in-hospital CVD deaths alongside increased in-hospital mortality rates in 2020.
  • The findings highlight the complex and varied impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular health outcomes in Brazil.
Abstract

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