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Multiple functions of the angular gyrus at high temporal resolution.

Mohamed L Seghier1,2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE. mseghier@gmail.com.

Brain Structure & Function
|June 8, 2022
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Summary

The angular gyrus (AG) plays a causal role in semantic processing, attention, and memory, according to TMS/TES and EEG/MEG studies. A three-phase sensemaking model suggests its involvement in context definition, information retrieval, and cross-modal integration.

Keywords:
Angular gyrusElectroencephalography (EEG)Magnetoencephalography (MEG)SensemakingTranscranial electrical stimulation (TES)Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • The angular gyrus (AG) is implicated in various cognitive functions, but its precise roles remain debated.
  • Current understanding relies on evidence from neurostimulation and electrophysiological techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize evidence from transcranial magnetic/electric stimulation (TMS/TES) and electroencephalography/magnetoencephalography (EEG/MEG) studies.
  • To evaluate the functions of the AG, particularly its role in semantic processing.
  • To propose a unifying model for AG function.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 65 TMS/TES studies and 52 EEG/MEG studies.
  • Analysis of reported AG functions and latencies in cognitive tasks.
  • Synthesis of findings to develop a functional model.

Main Results:

  • TMS/TES studies indicate a causal role for the AG in semantic processing, numerical cognition, attention, memory, and self-processing.
  • EEG/MEG studies show AG involvement across various domains, with effects often detected between 300-350 ms.
  • A three-phase sensemaking model is proposed: early context definition (right-lateralized), attention/retrieval (bilateral), and late cross-modal integration (left-lateralized).

Conclusions:

  • The AG is crucial for sensemaking, supporting accuracy and plausibility in cognitive tasks.
  • Evidence for a causal semantic role is strong from TMS/TES, though EEG/MEG data is less conclusive.
  • Future research should clarify the AG's specific contributions within the default mode network.