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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Trace Fear Conditioning in Mice
07:02

Trace Fear Conditioning in Mice

Published on: March 20, 2014

33.2K

Measuring human trace fear conditioning.

Jelena M Wehrli1, Yanfang Xia1, Samuel Gerster1

  • 1Computational Psychiatry Research, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Psychophysiology
|June 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This study identifies the most sensitive psychophysiological measures for human trace fear conditioning. Fear-potentiated startle is key for memory recall, while skin conductance and pupil responses are better during initial learning.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Trace fear conditioning models aversive learning with delayed outcomes.
  • Optimal measurement of human trace fear conditioning memory retention is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To calibrate and identify the most sensitive psychophysiological measures for human trace fear conditioning.
  • To assess memory retention and acquisition measures.

Main Methods:

  • Two identical experiments with 15-s trace interval and 1-week recall test.
  • Recorded psychophysiological observables: fear-potentiated startle, skin conductance, pupil size, heart period, respiration.
  • Calibration approach to identify sensitive measures.

Main Results:

Keywords:
calibrationfear conditioningfear memoryfear-potentiated startlehuman neurosciencepsychophysiological modelingretrodictive validitytrace fear memory

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 20, 2025

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  • Fear-potentiated startle differentiated CS+ and CS- during recall (without reinforcement).
  • Skin conductance and pupil size responses differentiated CS+ and CS- during acquisition (without startle probes).
  • No evidence of fear-potentiated startle extinction over 30 trials.

Conclusions:

  • Fear-potentiated startle is a sensitive measure for trace fear conditioning memory recall.
  • Skin conductance and pupil size are better indicators during the acquisition phase.
  • Findings inform future research protocols in human trace fear conditioning.