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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

402
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
402
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

433
Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
433
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

205
Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
205
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

348
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
348
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

278
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
278
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

226
Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
226

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Related Experiment Video

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Hospitalization With Clostridioides difficile in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: a Population-Based Study.

M Ellen Kuenzig1,2, Eric I Benchimol1,2,3,4,5,6,7, Charles N Bernstein8,9

  • 1From the SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
|June 8, 2022
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Summary

Children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a significantly higher risk of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) hospitalization compared to those without IBD. This highlights the need for CDI screening in hospitalized pediatric IBD patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Adult studies indicate increased Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) rates in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients.
  • The risk of CDI in pediatric IBD populations remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the risk of hospitalization with CDI in children with and without IBD.
  • To analyze CDI incidence rates between pediatric Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis patients.

Main Methods:

  • Population-based study utilizing Canadian health administrative data for children (<16 years).
  • Age and sex-matched cohort design comparing children with and without IBD.
  • Incidence rates and hazard ratios calculated using generalized linear mixed-effects and Cox proportional hazards models.

Main Results:

  • Children with IBD had a substantially higher incidence rate of hospitalization with CDI (49.06 per 10,000 person-years) versus those without IBD (0.39 per 10,000 person-years).
  • The adjusted hazard ratio for CDI hospitalization in children with IBD was 68.2.
  • CDI was identified less frequently in children with Crohn disease compared to ulcerative colitis.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric IBD patients face a markedly elevated risk of CDI during hospitalization.
  • Routine screening for CDI is recommended for symptomatic children with IBD upon hospital admission.