Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hypoxia01:23

Hypoxia

1.2K
Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
1.2K
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

3.3K
All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
3.3K
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

2.7K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
2.7K
Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns01:29

Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns

306
Microorganisms exhibit diverse oxygen requirements and growth patterns driven by their metabolic strategies and environmental adaptations. Oxygen, while essential for many organisms, can also be toxic under certain conditions, shaping how microorganisms grow and survive.Oxygen Requirements of MicroorganismsMicroorganisms are classified based on their ability to use or tolerate oxygen:● Obligate aerobes like Mycobacterium tuberculosis need oxygen for energy production, as it serves as the...
306
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

389
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
389
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

12.3K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
12.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Optimizing the osteo-immunomodulatory balance: threshold-saturation effects of BMP-2-loaded allografts in the Masquelet's induced membrane technique (MIMT).

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology·2026
Same author

T-Bet Modulates Plasmodium-Specific CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cell Differentiation and Anti-Malarial Immunity During Blood-Stage Infection.

Parasite immunology·2026
Same author

Standardization of Chinese speech tasks for heart failure voice analysis: a cross-sectional diagnostic classification study.

Journal of thoracic disease·2026
Same author

Serum starvation drives ALIX-dependent extracellular vesicle biogenesis and determines tumor progression.

JCI insight·2026
Same author

A label-free electrochemical aptasensor enables ultrasensitive and specific detection of neurofilament light.

Biosensors & bioelectronics·2026
Same author

DEC-205-mediated liposomal delivery of OVA and Eucommia polysaccharides: dendritic cell targeting, adjuvant activity, and TLR-NF-κB-mediated immune enhancement.

International immunopharmacology·2026
Same journal

Extracellular vesicle depletion improves transient gene expression performance and alters cellular transcriptional responses in CHO cell.

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie·2026
Same journal

From diabetic foot to dementia: A neurovascular continuum linking systemic diabetic vasculopathy, cerebral small vessel disease, and glymphatic dysfunction.

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie·2026
Same journal

Acid sphingomyelinase is an age-dependent host cell factor for adenovirus entry and a pharmacological target for synergistic combination therapy with brincidofovir.

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie·2026
Same journal

Refining free fatty acid receptor agonism for metabolic control: Pharmacological and functional features of novel dual GPR40/GPR120 ligands.

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie·2026
Same journal

Corrigendum to 'A new perspective on targeting pulmonary arterial hypertension: Programmed cell death pathways (Autophagy, Pyroptosis, Ferroptosis)' [Biomed. Pharmacother. 181 (2024) 117706].

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie·2026
Same journal

Comparative in vitro evaluation of fourth-generation anti-GPC3 CAR T-cells in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Proteomic Analysis of Human Macrophage Polarization Under a Low Oxygen Environment
10:15

Proteomic Analysis of Human Macrophage Polarization Under a Low Oxygen Environment

Published on: January 7, 2019

8.1K

Hypoxia, a key factor in the immune microenvironment.

Jingyao Hu1, Xinyu Li1, Liang Yang1

  • 1Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie
|June 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment (TME) drives immune suppression and tumor progression. Targeting hypoxia offers a strategy to overcome immune escape and inhibit cancer development.

Keywords:
CancerHIFHypoxiaImmune escapeTME

More Related Videos

Quantitative and Temporal Control of Oxygen Microenvironment at the Single Islet Level
11:49

Quantitative and Temporal Control of Oxygen Microenvironment at the Single Islet Level

Published on: November 17, 2013

9.3K
Co-immunoprecipitation Assay Using Endogenous Nuclear Proteins from Cells Cultured Under Hypoxic Conditions
09:17

Co-immunoprecipitation Assay Using Endogenous Nuclear Proteins from Cells Cultured Under Hypoxic Conditions

Published on: August 2, 2018

18.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Proteomic Analysis of Human Macrophage Polarization Under a Low Oxygen Environment
10:15

Proteomic Analysis of Human Macrophage Polarization Under a Low Oxygen Environment

Published on: January 7, 2019

8.1K
Quantitative and Temporal Control of Oxygen Microenvironment at the Single Islet Level
11:49

Quantitative and Temporal Control of Oxygen Microenvironment at the Single Islet Level

Published on: November 17, 2013

9.3K
Co-immunoprecipitation Assay Using Endogenous Nuclear Proteins from Cells Cultured Under Hypoxic Conditions
09:17

Co-immunoprecipitation Assay Using Endogenous Nuclear Proteins from Cells Cultured Under Hypoxic Conditions

Published on: August 2, 2018

18.3K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) significantly influences tumor development through stromal and immune cell regulation.
  • Hypoxia, a key stressor in the TME, triggers events crucial for tumor initiation and progression.
  • Hypoxia-induced signaling pathways promote an immunosuppressive environment, facilitating tumor immune escape.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of hypoxia-induced factors in tumor immune escape.
  • To identify novel therapeutic strategies targeting hypoxia for cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on hypoxia and tumor immunology.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways regulated by hypoxia in the TME.
  • Synthesis of information on hypoxia-targeting strategies.

Main Results:

  • Hypoxia activates multiple signaling pathways that lead to immune suppression within the TME.
  • Hypoxia-induced factors are critical mediators of tumor immune escape.
  • Targeting hypoxia presents a promising approach to reverse immunosuppression.

Conclusions:

  • Hypoxia is a critical regulator of the immune landscape in tumors.
  • Understanding hypoxia-induced immune escape mechanisms is key to developing effective cancer therapies.
  • Targeting hypoxia in the TME is a viable strategy to inhibit tumor progression and enhance anti-tumor immunity.