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Long-Term Non-invasive Ventilation in Children With Down Syndrome: A Systematic Review

Summer Hudson1, Tamer Abusido2,3, Meghan Sebastianski4

  • 1MD Program, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|June 9, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Children with Down syndrome using long-term non-invasive ventilation (NIV) show comparable efficacy and adherence to other children. However, they may face challenges initiating NIV, necessitating further research into optimal support strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Respiratory Medicine
  • Genetics and Genetic Diseases
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Children with Down syndrome (DS) have a high risk of obstructive sleep apnea and other respiratory issues.
  • Long-term non-invasive ventilation (NIV), including CPAP and BiPAP, is an alternative treatment for these conditions.

Approach:

  • A scoping review systematically searched multiple databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane, PubMed) from 1990-2021.
  • Identified 28 articles detailing the use and outcomes of NIV in 543 children with DS.
  • Extracted data on study and subject characteristics, technology, and outcomes.

Key Points:

  • Children with DS represent 18% of pediatric NIV users.
  • Efficacy, feasibility, and adherence in children with DS are comparable to other pediatric populations.
  • Children with DS may experience greater difficulty initiating NIV and require longer to establish use.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term NIV is an effective and well-tolerated therapy for children with DS.
  • Limited outcome data suggest potential benefits for cardiac function and attention.
  • Further research is needed to address challenges in establishing NIV use for children with DS.
Abstract

Keywords:
Trisomy 21bilevel positive airway pressurecontinuous positive airway pressureobstructive sleep apneapediatric

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