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Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.
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Related Experiment Video

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Measuring the Flight Ability of the Ambrosia Beetle, Platypus Quercivorus Murayama, Using a Low-Cost, Small, and Easily Constructed Flight Mill
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Simulating Pine Wilt Disease Dispersal With an Individual-Based Model Incorporating Individual Movement Patterns of

Chunlei Xia1, Tae-Soo Chon2, Fugo Takasu3

  • 1Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China.

Frontiers in Plant Science
|June 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary

An individual-based model simulating pine sawyer beetle movement effectively predicted pine wilt disease (PWD) spread. Larger eradication radii, especially over 40m, are recommended for maximum PWD control.

Keywords:
asymptomatic ratecontrol of pine wilt disease dispersaldispersal modeldispersal of invasive speciesforest managementforest pests

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Area of Science:

  • Forest Entomology
  • Ecology
  • Disease Ecology
  • Mathematical Modeling

Background:

  • Pine wilt disease (PWD) is a significant threat to pine forests, primarily spread by insect vectors.
  • Understanding the dispersal patterns of the vector, such as pine sawyer beetles, is crucial for effective disease management.
  • Individual-based models (IBMs) offer a powerful tool to simulate complex ecological processes like insect movement and disease spread.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an individual-based model (IBM) simulating pine sawyer beetle movement to understand pine wilt disease (PWD) dispersal.
  • To assess the effectiveness of different control practices, specifically eradication radii, on PWD spread.
  • To compare model predictions with real-world spatial data of PWD infestation.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporated individual movement patterns of pine sawyer beetles into an IBM.
  • Utilized step functions to represent long- and middle-distance beetle movements.
  • Validated model outputs against spatial data of infested pine trees in Busan, Republic of Korea, using pair correlations and pairwise distances.

Main Results:

  • The IBM accurately simulated PWD dispersal, with model results showing good agreement with field data on infestation and asymptomatic rates.
  • Infestation rates were predicted at 0.08-0.09, and asymptomatic rates at 0.16-0.17.
  • Eradication radii exceeding 20m were effective for symptomatic transmission, while 20-40m sufficed for asymptomatic transmission, with larger radii showing greater control.

Conclusions:

  • An IBM incorporating individual beetle movement provides valuable insights into PWD dispersal dynamics.
  • Clear-cutting eradication with radii of at least 40m is recommended for maximizing PWD control effectiveness.
  • This modeling approach can aid in monitoring and managing forest pests where individual movement is key to population dispersal.