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Role of Neuroimmune Interactions in COVID-19-related Cardiovascular Damage

Xing Chen1, Wei-Hua Qiao1, Hong Cao1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.

Current Medical Science
|June 9, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Mental health burden exacerbates cardiovascular damage in COVID-19 patients. Stress responses like HPA axis overdrive and sympathovagal imbalance contribute to heart injury, highlighting the need for mental health support during treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Neuroimmunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to a global pandemic with significant cardiovascular complications.
  • The precise mechanisms linking COVID-19 to cardiovascular injury are not fully understood.
  • The pandemic has also increased the global mental health burden.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the complex pathophysiological mechanisms connecting neuroimmune interactions and cardiovascular disease in the context of COVID-19.
  • To investigate the role of mental health burden in COVID-19-associated cardiovascular damage.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on neuroimmune interactions, cardiovascular disease, and COVID-19.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological pathways including the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, sympathovagal balance, and endothelial function.

Main Results:

  • Mental health burden is identified as a significant factor in COVID-19-related cardiovascular damage.
  • Proinflammatory status associated with poor mental health correlates with HPA axis overdrive, sympathovagal imbalance, and endothelial dysfunction.
  • These neuroimmune dysregulations increase the risk of cardiovascular injury in COVID-19 patients.

Conclusions:

  • Mental health burden plays a pivotal role in the development of cardiovascular complications during COVID-19.
  • Addressing and alleviating the mental health burden is crucial for managing cardiovascular risks in COVID-19 patients.
  • Targeting neuroimmune pathways may offer novel therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular protection in COVID-19.

Keywords:
COVID-19autonomic nervous systemendothelial dysfunctionmental health burdenneuroimmune interactions

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