Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Modeling and Evaluation of Murine Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Model
Published on: November 29, 2024
Case Fatality of Patients With Type 1 Diabetes After Myocardial Infarction
Anne M Kerola1,2, Markus Juonala3, Antti Palomäki3,4
1Rheumatology, Inflammation Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Objective:
Type 1 diabetes is a risk factor for myocardial infarction (MI). We aimed to evaluate the case fatality in patients with type 1 diabetes after MI.
Research Design And Methods:
Consecutive patients experiencing MI with type 1 diabetes (n = 1,935; 41% female; mean age 62.5 years) and without diabetes (n = 74,671) admitted to 20 hospitals in Finland from 2005 to 2018 were studied using national registries. The outcome of interest was death within 1 year after MI. Differences between groups were balanced by multivariable adjustments and propensity score matching.
Results:
Case fatality was higher in patients with type 1 diabetes than in propensity score-matched controls without diabetes at 30 days (12.8% vs. 8.5%) and at 1 year (24.3% vs. 16.8%) after MI (hazard ratio 1.55; 95% CI 1.32-1.81; P < 0.0001). Patients with type 1 diabetes had poorer prognosis in subgroups of men and women and of those with and without ST-elevation MI, with and without revascularization, with and without atrial fibrillation, and with and without heart failure. The relative fatality risk in type 1 diabetes was highest in younger patients. Older age, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, renal failure, and no revascularization were associated with worse prognosis after MI. The case fatality among patients with type 1 diabetes decreased during the study period, but outcome differences compared with patients without diabetes remained similar.
Conclusions:
Patients with type 1 diabetes are at higher risk of death after MI than patients without diabetes. Our findings call for attention to vigorous cardiovascular disease prevention in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Related Concept Videos
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Pathophysiology of Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations

