[Correlation between Serum G-CSF Level and Immune Function in Children with Aplastic Anemia].

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Hematology
• Immunology
• Oncology

Background:

• Aplastic anemia (AA) is a rare but serious condition.
• Immunosuppressive therapy (IST) is a common treatment for AA.
• Immune dysfunction can be a complication of IST.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the incidence of immune dysfunction in children with AA post-IST.
• To identify factors contributing to immune dysfunction in these patients.
• To analyze the correlation between granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) levels and immune dysfunction.

Main Methods:

• 34 children with AA received IST for 6 months.
• Patients were divided into groups based on immune dysfunction occurrence post-treatment.
• Serum G-CSF and Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels were measured and compared.
• Regression analysis and ROC curves were used to assess G-CSF's predictive value.

Main Results:

• 35.29% of children developed immune dysfunction after IST.
• The immune dysfunction group had higher IFN-γ and lower G-CSF levels.
• Low G-CSF expression was identified as a significant risk factor for immune dysfunction (OR>1, P<0.05).
• Serum G-CSF demonstrated good predictive value for immune dysfunction (AUC=0.843).

Conclusions:

• Children with AA are at increased risk of immune dysfunction following IST.
• Low serum G-CSF expression is associated with post-IST immune dysfunction in pediatric AA.
• Monitoring serum G-CSF levels may aid in predicting and managing immune dysfunction in these patients.