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Complex Multimorbidity and Working beyond Retirement Age in Japan: A Prospective Propensity-Matched Analysis
Daisuke Kato1,2, Ichiro Kawachi3, Naoki Kondo4
1Department of Family Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan.
Summary
Complex multimorbidity (CMM) significantly reduces the likelihood of older adults in Japan continuing to work past retirement age. Addressing CMM could help extend working lives.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Public Health
- Health Economics
Background:
- Global populations are aging, making extended working lives a key policy concern.
- Complex multimorbidity (CMM) is increasingly prevalent among older adults.
- Understanding factors affecting employment in later life is crucial for societal well-being.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of complex multimorbidity (CMM) on the working status of retirement-aged adults in Japan.
- To determine if CMM is a significant predictor of continued employment beyond traditional retirement age.
Main Methods:
- A nationwide longitudinal cohort study involving individuals aged 65+ without baseline disability.
- Propensity score matching was used to compare individuals with and without CMM.
- Working status after a six-year follow-up was the primary outcome measure.
Main Results:
- Among 5613 participants, 726 had CMM. At follow-up, 2211 individuals remained employed.
- Propensity-matched analyses revealed a significantly lower employment rate (35.9% vs. 29.5%) in the CMM group.
- CMM was a stronger predictor of not working post-retirement than socioeconomic or psychological factors.
Conclusions:
- Complex multimorbidity negatively impacts the employment rates of older adults in Japan.
- Interventions supporting CMM patients may facilitate extended working lives.
- This research highlights the need for integrated healthcare and employment policies for aging populations.
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