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Educational Interventions to Promote Cervical Cancer Screening among Rural Populations: A Systematic Review
Mengyue Zhang1, Janet W H Sit1, Dorothy Ngo Sheung Chan1
1The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Summary
Educational interventions effectively boost cervical cancer screening knowledge and uptake in rural women. Theory-driven, community-based, and healthcare professional-led approaches are recommended for sustained screening behavior.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Promotion
- Gynecologic Oncology
Background:
- A significant urban-rural disparity exists in cervical cancer screening uptake.
- Educational interventions are frequently used to improve screening rates in rural females, but their characteristics and effectiveness are not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the characteristics of educational interventions for cervical cancer screening in rural populations.
- To evaluate the impact of these interventions on cervical cancer screening-related outcomes.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies published in seven English databases up to January 2022.
- Quality appraisal using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists and meta-analysis with RevMan 5.4 software; narrative synthesis was used when meta-analysis was not feasible.
- Included 3 RCTs and 7 quasi-experimental studies from six countries.
Main Results:
- Interventions often utilized a social cognitive theory framework, community settings, group sessions, and healthcare professional-led, culturally tailored approaches.
- Educational content covered basic screening information, psychological aspects, barriers, coping strategies, and local resources.
- Educational interventions demonstrated a positive short-term effect on increasing knowledge and screening uptake in rural populations.
Conclusions:
- Educational interventions are effective in promoting cervical cancer screening among rural females.
- Future interventions should prioritize theory-driven, community-involved, group-based, and healthcare professional-led strategies.
- Further research is needed to assess both short-term and long-term effects on screening behavior.
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