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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 20, 2025

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Next-Generation Diagnostic with CRISPR/Cas: Beyond Nucleic Acid Detection.

Pooja Bhardwaj1, Rajni Kant1, Sthita Pragnya Behera1

  • 1ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, BRD Medical College Campus, Gorakhpur 273013, India.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-Cas system offers rapid, precise diagnostics for infections and non-communicable diseases. This review explores CRISPR bio-sensing advancements for nucleic acid and non-nucleic acid targets in point-of-care applications.

Keywords:
CRISPR/Casbiosensordiagnosticsendonucleasenon-nucleic acidnucleic acid

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Infectious Disease Management

Background:

  • Emerging infections and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) require advanced diagnostic tools.
  • The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-Cas system is a powerful gene-targeting technology.
  • CRISPR-Cas systems, particularly Cas12a and Cas13a, exhibit collateral cleavage activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the integration of CRISPR-Cas technology for onsite clinical diagnostics.
  • To highlight advancements in CRISPR bio-sensing for various targets.
  • To discuss current applications of CRISPR-Cas technologies in healthcare.

Main Methods:

  • Review of CRISPR-Cas system mechanisms, including Cas enzymes and guide RNA (gRNA).
  • Exploration of collateral cleavage for sensitive and rapid point-of-care diagnostics.
  • Analysis of CRISPR/Cas applications for nucleic acid and non-nucleic acid targets.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR/Cas systems enable precise detection of specific genes, proteins, analytes, and hormones.
  • Repurposed CRISPR-Cas effectors facilitate instrument-free, sensitive, and rapid diagnostics.
  • CRISPR/Cas technology allows for simultaneous multiplexed detections.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR-Cas technology presents significant potential for point-of-care diagnostics.
  • Overcoming technical challenges is key to integrating CRISPR-Cas into onsite clinical assessments.
  • CRISPR bio-sensing offers versatile applications for diverse diagnostic needs.