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Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Discrimintion and Mapping of the Primary and Processed Transcripts in Maize Mitochondrion Using a Circular RT-PCR-based Strategy
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How RNases Shape Mitochondrial Transcriptomes.

Jérémy Cartalas1, Léna Coudray1, Anthony Gobert1

  • 1Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Mitochondria utilize diverse ribonucleases for RNA processing and gene expression, combining bacterial and eukaryotic features. This review highlights the varied roles and evolutionary paths of these crucial mitochondrial enzymes.

Keywords:
RNA degradationRNA maturationendoribonucleaseexoribonucleasemitochondrial gene expression

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Area of Science:

  • Mitochondrial Biology
  • RNA Biology
  • Molecular Evolution

Background:

  • Mitochondria, semi-autonomous organelles of prokaryotic origin, possess unique gene expression systems.
  • Mitochondrial RNA biology is complex, featuring universal and clade-specific factors.
  • Ribonucleases are key players in mitochondrial RNA metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diversity of mitochondrial ribonucleases (RNases).
  • To explore the functions of mitochondrial RNases in RNA processing, degradation, and surveillance.
  • To examine the evolutionary origins and adaptations of mitochondrial RNases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of mitochondrial RNase research.
  • Comparative analysis of RNase repertoires across eukaryotic clades.
  • Examination of functional roles in RNA metabolism and mitochondrial maintenance.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondrial RNases perform essential functions like transcript maturation and RNA degradation.
  • These enzymes are involved in mitochondrial DNA maintenance and ribosome biogenesis.
  • RNase diversity reflects a combination of retained bacterial enzymes and recruited eukaryotic factors.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondrial RNases exhibit significant diversity, shaped by evolutionary history.
  • Understanding these enzymes is crucial for comprehending mitochondrial gene expression and function.
  • The study underscores the unique evolutionary trajectory of mitochondrial RNA biology.