Research on Preparation of Three-Component Composite Fiber with Complex Cross-Sectional Pattern

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Textile Engineering
• Polymer Processing

Background:

• Traditional fiber manufacturing often yields simple cross-sections.
• Complex fiber geometries can impart novel material properties.
• Developing methods for intricate fiber structures is crucial for advanced textiles.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose and validate a preparation method for three-component composite fibers with complex cross-sectional patterns.
• To investigate the influence of spinning pack design and processing parameters on pattern formation.
• To demonstrate the versatility of the method for creating distinct fiber cross-sections.

Main Methods:

• Design of a three-component spinning pack inspired by a fishbone structure.
• Numerical simulation of melt flow using Polyflow software for optimization.
• Melt spinning experiments to fabricate fibers with "fishbone" and "H-shaped" cross-sections.
• Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for cross-sectional analysis.

Main Results:

• Optimization of the spinning pack reduced velocity fluctuations, enhancing pattern clarity.
• Successful fabrication of three-component composite fibers with clear "fishbone" and "H-shaped" cross-sectional patterns.
• SEM images confirmed the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method.
• Demonstrated control over the flow ratio of components to influence the final pattern.

Conclusions:

• The proposed melt spinning method enables the production of complex cross-sectional composite fibers.
• The technique is versatile, allowing for the creation of various intricate patterns like "fishbone" and "H-shaped".
• These complex fibers possess potential anti-counterfeiting applications when used in textiles.