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Irradiation Induced Biochemical Changes in Human Mandibular Bone: A Raman Spectroscopic Study
Sridhar Reddy Padala1, Dimple Saikia2, Jopi J W Mikkonen1,3
1Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Applied Spectroscopy
|June 10, 2022
Summary
Radiotherapy alters human mandible bone chemistry, decreasing phosphate and increasing carbonate. These biochemical changes in irradiated bone may impact oral rehabilitation and lead to complications.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Biomaterials Science
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Background:
- Radiotherapy for head and neck cancers can cause significant biochemical alterations in the human mandible.
- These radiation-induced changes are linked to potential complications such as implant failure and osteoradionecrosis.
- Understanding these molecular-level changes is crucial for effective oral rehabilitation strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the biochemical composition and bone quality of irradiated human mandibular bone.
- To utilize Raman spectroscopy to quantify and analyze differences in bone parameters between control and irradiated samples.
- To correlate biochemical findings with potential clinical implications for cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 33 human mandibular bone biopsies (16 control, 17 irradiated).
- Quantification of biochemical parameters using Raman spectroscopy.
- Statistical analysis including unpaired Student's t-test to compare groups (p < 0.05).
- Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to explore correlations with radiation dose and time interval.
Main Results:
- Irradiated bone showed a significant decrease in phosphate band intensity and a significant increase in carbonate band intensity.
- Mineral crystallinity and the carbonate to phosphate ratio were elevated in the irradiated group.
- A decreased mineral to matrix ratio was observed in irradiated mandibular bone.
- PCA did not reveal distinct classifications based on radiation dose or biopsy timing.
Conclusions:
- Radiotherapy significantly disrupts the biochemical properties of human mandibular bone, affecting mineral and matrix interactions.
- These biochemical shifts, despite normal clinical appearance, may underlie delayed radiation-induced complications.
- Findings highlight the importance of assessing biochemical changes for improved oral rehabilitation outcomes in cancer survivors.
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