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Assessment of tissue mitral annular displacement in patients with coronary artery stenosis

Hoorak Poorzand1, Hamidreza Alborz2, Hedieh Alimi3

  • 1Associate Professor, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

ARYA Atherosclerosis
|June 10, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Tissue mitral annular displacement (TMAD) measured by 2D STE is significantly reduced in patients with coronary artery stenosis, correlating with left ventricular function and acute coronary syndrome type. This may help identify the culprit coronary artery.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Cardiac Imaging

Background:

  • Coronary heart disease necessitates early diagnosis for complication prevention.
  • Tissue mitral annular displacement (TMAD) is a key echocardiographic parameter.
  • Assessing TMAD in coronary artery stenosis aids in understanding cardiac function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the mean TMAD using 2D Speckle Tracking Echocardiography (2D STE) in patients with coronary artery stenosis.
  • To correlate TMAD values with left ventricular function and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) types.
  • To explore the potential of TMAD in identifying the culprit coronary artery.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study included 149 patients (aged 50-76) diagnosed with ACS.
  • TMAD data were acquired using 2D STE technology.
  • Patients were categorized based on culprit artery (LAD, RCA, LCX) and ACS type (STEMI, NSTEMI, unstable angina).

Main Results:

  • TMAD was significantly reduced in walls affected by coronary artery stenosis (LAD, RCA, LCX lesions).
  • TMAD values were notably lower in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) compared to NSTEMI and unstable angina.
  • Reduced TMAD was observed in severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction, particularly with LAD lesions.

Conclusions:

  • TMAD shows a significant relationship with left ventricular function, ACS type, and the affected coronary artery.
  • Lower TMAD values indicate worse cardiac function in STEMI subgroups and stenosed artery walls.
  • 2D STE-derived TMAD may serve as a valuable tool for identifying the culprit coronary artery in ACS patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute Coronary SyndromeCoronary StenosisEchocardiographyLeft Ventricular Function

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