Magnetic orientation behavior of L-type zeolite with rare-earth elements under low magnetic field

The magnetic orientation of L-type zeolite ion-exchanged with various rare-earth elements was observed under a low magnetic field of 0.9 T. The orientation along the applied magnetic field was classified into three types: c-axis orientation for Ce³⁺, Pr³⁺, Nd³⁺, Tb³⁺, Dy³⁺ and Ho³⁺, ab-plane orientation for Er³⁺, Tm³⁺ and Yb³⁺, and random orientation for Eu³⁺ and Gd³⁺. The different orientation behavior was considered to originate from the electronic structures of the rare-earth ions introduced into the zeolite structure.