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Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Breast Cancer-related Lymphedema
Published on: January 12, 2017
What Should We Focus on When Managing Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema to Improve Quality of Life?
Hyun Sung Lee1, Hyun Jeong Lee1, Kwan Sik Seo1
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, Korea.
Abstract:
Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is correlated with poor quality of life (QOL). The effects of the management of lymphedema on QOL remain controversial. We analyzed the changes in QOL and identified factors associated with its improvement to improve the care of patients with BCRL. A total of 194 patients with BCRL were recruited, and their medical records were reviewed regarding type of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Patients completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires, and the volume and circumference of lymphedema were measured. Significant improvements in physical, emotional, cognitive, social, and role functioning, and future perspective were observed after BCRL management. However, the change in the size of lymphedema was not correlated with the change in QOL parameters. The management of BCRL has a beneficial effect on QOL. However, changes in the size of lymphedema did not reflect changes in QOL. Therefore, a comprehensive approach for the management of BCRL beyond reducing the size of lymphedema is recommended to improve QOL.
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Development of the Lymphatic System
The first lymph sacs to form are the paired jugular lymph sacs located at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. From these sacs, lymphatic capillary plexuses extend to the thorax, upper limbs, neck, and head, eventually forming lymphatic vessels. Each jugular lymph sac maintains a...

