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Strain Measurement within an Intact Swine Periodontal Ligament.

K P Houg1, A M Camarillo1, M R Doschak2

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In-fiber Bragg grating sensors can measure periodontal ligament strain in swine teeth. These sensors show a linear relationship with finite element analysis, enabling monitoring of PDL mechanical properties.

Keywords:
connective tissue, dental biomechanicsfinite element analysisin-fiber Bragg grating sensoroptical transducerpremolar

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Dental Mechanics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • The periodontal ligament (PDL) is crucial for tooth support and function.
  • Accurate measurement of PDL mechanical behavior is essential but challenging.
  • Existing methods for assessing PDL mechanics include finite element models and direct measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of in-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors for quantifying ex vivo PDL strain.
  • To compare FBG sensor strain measurements with finite element analysis (FEA) estimations in an intact tooth-PDL-bone complex (TPBC).
  • To determine if FBG strain changes correlate linearly with FEA strain changes under varying tooth displacements.

Main Methods:

  • FBG sensors were embedded within the PDL space of intact swine premolars (TPBCs).
  • TPBCs were subjected to controlled tooth displacements.
  • Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was used to localize FBG sensor positions.
  • A linear elastic FEA model of the TPBC was created to estimate strain at sensor locations.
  • Ratios of strain at two displacement levels were calculated for both experimental (FBG) and FEA data.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant linear relationship was found between experimental FBG strain ratios and FEA strain ratios (P = 0.017).
  • The correlation coefficient (R^2) was 0.448, indicating moderate agreement.
  • FBG sensors provided repeatable strain measurements within the PDL space.

Conclusions:

  • FBG sensors are a viable tool for measuring changes in PDL strain ex vivo.
  • This technology can be applied to monitor the mechanical properties of an intact PDL over time.
  • FBG sensors offer a promising non-destructive method for in situ PDL biomechanical assessment.